what is Linux

what is Linux:

Linux is an operating system similar to Windows, iOS, and Mac OS. The operating system maintains communication between the software and hardware. Linux is actually a kernel. The kernel manages the system's resources and communicates with the hardware. Anyone can execute, study, modify and redistribute source code.

Benefits of Linux:

It offers a free operating system.
Being open-source, anyone can execute, study, and modify the source code.
Linux is the most secure system.
It is stable and reliable, so Linux freeware is the OS of choice for server environments.

Principles of Open Source Software Development:

Transparency
Collaboration
Inclusive meritocracy
Community
Early and frequent release

what is Linux distribution:

It means distribution or Distro is an installable operating system built from the Linux kernel.

The distribution(versions) of Linux.

Android
Arch Linux
Centos
Debian
Basic OS
Fedora
Gentoo Linux
Callie Linux
Linux Mint
MX Linux
Puppy Linux
Slackware
Solus
Ubuntu and all its versions (Gnome, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Xubuntu, and Lubuntu to name a few)
Zorin OS

why Linux is better than windows:

Security:- Linux is the most trusted and secure system of all operating systems
Free:- If you are a windows user, you need to buy a product key or use the crack version. Linux offers a free operating system.
Pre-installed Powerful Tools:-A lot of useful programming tools come pre-installed with Linux.
Privacy:- Windows collect user data. Almost everything, you can see everything that is transmitted from your system.
Portability:- It is you can move your code from one system architecture to another easily.
Linux Can Run Almost Anywhere:- You can run Linux from Smart TVs, Smartwatches, Car infotainment systems, Flight entertainment systems, Self-driving cars, and Nuclear Submarine.

Basic Linux Commands:

pwd command:- Use the pwd command to display the path of the current working directory.
cd command:- The cd command changes the current directory. cd .. (with two dots) to move one directory up. cd to go straight to the home folder.cd- (with a hyphen) to move to your previous directory
ls command:- ls command is used to view the contents of a directory. ls -R also lists all the files in the subdirectories. ls -a shows hidden files. ls -al lists files and directories with detailed information about permissions, size, owner, etc.
mkdir command:- The mkdir command is used to create a new directory.
rmdir command:- The rmdir command is used to remove a directory.
cp command:- The copy command is used to copy the files from the current directory to another directory
rm command:- rm command is used to delete files and directories.
touch command:- The touch command is used to create a new file with no content in it.
nano command:- The nano command is used to open a file and write content.
cat command:- The cat command is used to display their contents inside the terminal.
chmod command:-The chmod command is used to change read, write and execute permissions of files.
kill command:- kill command is used to terminate it manually.
ping command:- The ping command is used to check your connectivity status to the server